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2026-08-19 19:01:21: Rotational Inertia

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johnruina
2026-08-19 19:01:21 -04:00
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physics/Linear Momentum/Change in Linear Momentum and Impulse.md
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* Impulse units are N * s (kg * m/s)
* When mass is constant F=ma comes from Impulse-Momentum theory
|Term|Definition|
|---|---|
|axis of rotation|The fixed line about which a system rotates.|
|force component perpendicular|The portion of an applied force that acts at a right angle to the position vector from the axis of rotation.|
|force diagram|A diagram used to represent and analyze the forces and torques exerted on a rigid system, showing the magnitude, direction, and point of application of each force relative to the axis of rotation.|
|free-body diagram|A visual representation that shows all forces exerted on an object or system, with each force drawn as a vector originating from the object's center of mass.|
|lever arm|The perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation to the line of action of an applied force.|
|line of action|The straight line along which a force acts, extending infinitely in both directions.|
|perpendicular force|The component of a force that is perpendicular to the position vector, which directly contributes to torque production.|
|position vector|A vector drawn from the axis of rotation to the point where a force is applied on a rigid system.|
|rigid system|A system that holds its shape but in which different points on the system move in different directions during rotation.|
|torque|A measure of the rotational effect of a force on a rigid system, calculated as the product of the force and its perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation.|
physics/Linear Momentum/Elastic and Inelastic Collisions.md
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* "Lost" kinetic energy just transforms into different forms, so total energy is preserved.
Perfectly inelastic collisions:
$$v_f=\frac{m_1v_1+m_2v_2}{m_1m_2}$$
$$v_f=\frac{m_1v_1+m_2v_2}{m_1+m_2}$$
![[Pasted image 20260819112153.png]]
# Elastic Collision Energy Conservation Formula
$$\frac{1}{2}m_1v^2_{1i}+\frac{1}{2}m_2v^2_{2i}=\frac{1}{2}m_1v^2_{1f}+\frac{1}{2}m_2v^2_{2f}$$