[[Unit 1 Diversity of Living Things]]
Algae Divisions:
* Chlorophyta:
	* Closest relative to plantae.
	* Green pigment.
	* Chlorophyll A and B (plants have this too).
	* Unicellular or multicellular.
* Phaeophyta:
	* Kelp.
	* Multicellular.
	* Can be large.
* Pyrrophyta:
* Chyrsophyta:
* Rhodophyta:
	* Red pigment.
	* Able to live in deep waters.
	* Absorbs longer wavelength.
* Euglenophyta:

Plants and algae comparison:
* Autotrophs (chloroplasts).
* Cell walls composed of cellulose.
* Stores energy as starch.
Contrast:
* Algae have no true leaves or roots (may have holdfasts/flattened blades, air bladders hold them up).
* Plants are mainly terrestrial, algae are aquatic (bad answer when contrasting).
![[Pasted image 20260929112116.png]]

Plants have adapted to live on land:
* Cuticle to prevent drying out.
* Vascular tissue to transport water.
* Enclosed embryo (seeds) to prevent drying out.
![[Pasted image 20260929112553.png]]

Plant classification:
* Non Vascular:
	* No xylem/phloem.
	* Grows low.
	* Darker environment.
	* Absorbs $H_2O$ through leaves.
	* Moss.
	* Liverworts.
	* Hornworts.
* Vascular:
	* Roots help it grow taller.
	* Seeds:
		* Sexual reproduction, no water.
		* Angiosperms:
			* Flowers.
			* Monocot:
				* One cotyledon.
				* Veins in parallel.
				* Root vascular tissue arranged in circle.
				* Stem scattered vascular tissue.
				* Petals multiple of 3.
				* Fibrous.
				* Examples include corn, grass, green onions.
			* Dicot:
				* Two cotyledons.
				* Veins are branched.
				* Root xylem arranged in star shape.
				* Stem vascular tissue arranged in ring.
				* Petals in multiples of 4 or 5.
				* Taproot.
				* Examples include carrots and dandelions.
		* Gymnosperms:
			* Naked seeds.
			* No ovary to protect seeds.
	* No Seeds:
		* Requires moist environment.
		* Ferns:
			* Releases spores.
			* Requires sperm.