49 lines
231 KiB
Markdown
49 lines
231 KiB
Markdown
[[G11 Pre-AP Biology]]
|
|
# Cell Theory
|
|
* All living things made up of one or more cells
|
|
* Basic unit of life
|
|
* Comes from preexisting cells
|
|
|
|
# Unicellular vs Multicellular
|
|
Unicellular cells are made up of one cell, multicellular cells have more.
|
|
|
|
# Cells
|
|
* All cells have:
|
|
* Cell membrane
|
|
* Cytoplasm
|
|
* DNA
|
|
* Ribosomes
|
|
* Cytoskeleton
|
|
|
|
# Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Cells
|
|
Eukaryotic Cell
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prokaryotic Cell
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Prokaryotic | Eukaryotic |
|
|
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------- |
|
|
| Before the nucleus<br> | True nucleus/true kernal |
|
|
| Between 1-10 µm | Between 100-1000µm |
|
|
| Circular DNA (found in nucleoid region) | DNA is linear |
|
|
| No membrane bound organelles (compartmentalization) | Membrane bound organelles |
|
|
| Reproduces through binary fission | Cell division (Mitosis) |
|
|
| Exchanges information with other cells through conjugation | Genetic variation through meiosis |
|
|
|
|
# Endosymbiotic theory
|
|
Theory that eukaryotic cells evolved from symbiotic theory between 2 or more prokaryotic cells. Larger cell engulfed a smaller cell, engulfed cell (endosymbiont) became an internal part of engulfing cell (host cell). MAC[^1] originated from bacteria.
|
|
|
|
Ancestral prokaryote engulfed aerobic bacterium. Lived symbiotically.
|
|
Other ancestral prokaryotes engulfed photosynthetic bacterium. Lived symbiotically.
|
|
|
|
Evidence:
|
|
* MAC[^1] have a outer and inner membrane, theorized one from new, one from when it was independent.
|
|
* MAC have their own DNA.
|
|
* MAC can divide on their own independent of host cell.
|
|
|
|
[More Information](obsidian://open?vault=obbyvault&file=biology%2FCell%20Structure%20and%20Function%2FOrigins%20of%20Cell%20Compartmentalization)
|
|
|
|
[^1]: Mitochondria and chloroplast
|